AN/WSN-5 SINSShip’s north, east, and vertical velocitycomponentsThe AN/WSN-5 is a stand-alone set that replacesthe MK 19 MOD 3 gyrocompass in the followingclass ships: CG 16, CG 26, CGN 9, CGN 25, CGN35, CGN 36, CGN 38 (except for CGN 41), DDG 37,DD 963, and LHA 1. It also replaces the AN/WSN-2stabilized gyrocompass set in DDG 993, DD 997, andCGN 41 class ships.Functional DescriptionThe AN/WSN-5 has the same output capabilitiesas the AN/WSN-2.It uses an accelerometer-controlled, three axis, gyro-stabilized platform toprovide precise output of ship’s heading, roll, andpitch data in analog, dual-speed synchro format tosupport ship’s navigation and fire control systems.Ship’s heading and attitude data are continually andautomatically derived while the equipment senses andprocesses physical and electrical inputs of sensedmotion (inertial), gravity, earth’s rotation, and ship’sspeed. The equipment has an uninterruptible backuppower supply for use during power losses, and built-in test equipment (BITE) to provide fault isolation tothe module/assembly level.CharacteristicsIn addition to the common functions describedabove, the AN/WSN-5 adds an increased level ofperformance to serve as an inertial navigator andprovides additional analog and digital outputs.Additional data provided includes position, velocity,attitude, attitude rates, and time data in both serial andparallel digital formats, providing a variety ofinterfaces. The AN/WSN-5 commonly exists in adual-system configuration on surface combatants.Some examples of AN/WSN-5 digital data outputsare:1. Two Naval Tactical Data System (NTDS)serial channels transmitting:Ship’s heading, roll, and pitchShip’s heading rate, roll rate, and pitch rateShip’s latitude, longitude, and GMT2. Two MIL-STD-1397 NTDS type D high-levelchannels to an external computer3. One MIL-STD-1397 NTDS type A slow, 16-bit, parallel input/output channel to a NavigationSatellite (NAVSAT) receiver AN/WRN-5A, GlobalPositioning System (GPS) receiver AN/WRN-6, orI/O console.4. One serial AN/WSN-5 to AN/WSN-5 digitallink that provides alignment data, Navigation Satellite(NAVSAT) fix data, calibration constant data, andother navigation data to the remote AN/WSN-5.5, An additional variety of input/output NTDSchannels, depending on which field changes areinstalled.SATELLITE NAVIGATION SYSTEMSScientists realized that navigation based onsatellite signals was possible after listening to thebeep generated by Russia’s first artificial satellite,Sputnik I. They noticed a shift in the received radiofrequency signals as the satellite passed by. Thisshift, known as the Doppler effect, is an apparentchange in a received frequency caused by relativemotion between a transmitter and a receiver. As thedistance between the transmitter and the receiverdecreases, the received frequency appears to increase.As the distance increases, the received frequencyappears to decrease.With this discovery, scientists were able to showthat by accurately measuring a satellite’s Doppler shiftpattern, they could determine the satellite’s orbit.They then determined that by using a known satellite’sorbit, a listener could determine his own position onthe earth’s surface by observing the satellite’s Dopplerpattern.Following the first successful satellite launch inApril 1960, the U.S. Navy Navigation Satellite1-5
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